In
this article I will introduce the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS)
command line interface (CLI) for the 2960 series switch. You will need to logon
to a switch and become familiar with the different levels of access on the
switch. You will also become familiar with the commands available to you in
each mode (user or privileged) and the switch help facility, history, and
editing features.
User vs. Privileged Mode
User
mode is indicated with the > next to the switch name. You can look at
settings but can not make changes from user mode. In Privilege mode, indicated
by the #, you can do anything. To get into privilege mode the keyword is
enable.
HELP
To
view all commands available from this mode type:?This will give you the list
of all available commands for the switch in your current mode. You can also use
the question mark after you have started typing a command. For example if you
want to use a show command but you do not remember which one it is, use the ?
as this will output all commands that you can use with the show command.
Configuration Mode
From
privilege mode you can enter configuration mode by typing config term command you can exit configuration mode type type end or <CTL>+z
Configuration of Cisco 2960 Switch
To practically
implement these command create a simple topology on packet tracer
Now
click on any switch and configure it as given below
To
know all available command on user exec mode type ? and press enter
Switch>?
Exec commands:
[1-99] Session number to resume
connect Open a terminal connection
disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection
enable Turn on privileged commands
exit Exit from the EXEC
logout Exit from the EXEC
ping Send echo messages
[Output is omitted]
Three
command can be used to logout from terminal.
Switch>enable
Switch#disable
Switch>exit
Switch con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
show
version Command will display the device
platform, detected interface, ios name
Switch>enable
Switch#show version
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version
12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team
ROM: C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX,
RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4)
System returned to ROM by power-on
Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with
21039K bytes of memory.
24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
[Output is omitted]
show
mac address Command will show all detected mac
address dynamically and manually
Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
To
view run time configuration of RAM use show
running-config command
Switch#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 925 bytes
version 12.2
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
[Output is omitted]
To
view startup configuration [ Stored in NVRAM] use show startup-config command
Switch#show startup-config
Current configuration : 925 bytes
version 12.2
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
[Output is omitted]
To
get information about VLAN configuration use show
vlan command
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -----------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
[Output is omitted]
show
interface command will show all detected interface
with their hardware description and configuration
Switch#show interfaces
FastEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.2f9d.9101 (bia 0060.2f9d.9101)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
[Output is omitted]
interface
vlan 1 is used to assign ip address and default gateway to switch. Show interface vlan 1 will give a over view of vlan1.
Switch#show interface vlan1
Vlan1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Hardware is CPU Interface, address is 0060.5c23.82ae
(bia 0060.5c23.82ae)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
[Output is omitted]
delete command is used to delete all vlan configuration from switch
Don’t add space between flash and vlan.dat Run this exactly shown here adding a
space could erase flash entirely leaving switch blank
Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat
Delete filename [vlan.dat]?
Delete flash:/vlan.dat? [confirm]
%deleting flash:/vlan.dat
Startup
configuration can be removed by erase commands
Switch#erase startup-config
Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files!
Continue? [confirm]
[OK]
Erase of nvram: complete
%SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram
Basic Switch Configuration Step by Step
use configure terminal command to go in global configuration
mode
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Now
change default switch name to switch
1
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Set
enable password to vinita and secret to nikki
Switch1(config)#enable password vinita
Switch1(config)#enable secret nikki
Set
console password to vinita and enable it by login command. Order of command is
important. Set password before you enable it.
Switch1(config)#line console 0
Switch1(config-line)#password vinita
Switch1(config-line)#login
Switch1(config-line)#exit
Enable
5 telnet session [ vty0 - vty4] for router and set their password to vinita
Switch1(config)#line vty 0 4
Switch1(config-line)#password vinita
Switch1(config-line)#login
Switch1(config-line)#exit
Now
set switch ip address to 192.168.0.10
255.255.255.0 and default
gateway to 192.168.0.5
Switch1(config)#interface vlan1
Switch1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.0.5
Set a
description finance VLAN to interface fast Ethernet 1
Switch1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch1(config-if)#description finance VLAN
By
default switch automatically negotiate speed and duplex but you can adjust it
manually
Switch1(config-if)#duplex full
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1,
changed state to downSwitch1
(config-if)#duplex auto
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#duplex half
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1,
changed state to down
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Switch1(config-if)#duplex auto
Switch1(config-if)#speed 10
Switch1(config-if)#speed 100
Switch1(config-if)#speed auto
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#exit
mac
address table can be wiped out by clear commands
Switch1#show
Switch1#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
Switch1#clear mac-address-table
Switch1#clear mac-address-table ?
dynamic dynamic entry type
Switch1#clear mac-address-table dynamic
To
restart switch use reload command [ running configuration will be erased so
copy it first to startup configuration ]
Switch1#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
Switch con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
CCNA basic switch
configuration commands sheet
|
Command
|
descriptions
|
|
switch>?
|
The ? works here the
same as in a router Used to get the list of all available commands
|
|
switch>enable
|
User mode, same as a
router
|
|
switch#
|
Privileged mode
|
|
switch#disable
|
Leaves privileged
mode
|
|
switch>exit
|
Leaves user mode
|
|
switch#show version
|
Displays information
about software and hardware.
|
|
switch#show flash:
|
Displays information
about flash memory (will work only for the 2900/2950 series).
|
|
switch#show
mac-address-table
|
Displays the current
MAC address forwarding table
.
|
|
switch#show
running-config
|
Displays the current
configuration in DRAM.
|
|
switch#show
startup-config
|
Displays the current
configuration in NVRAM.
|
|
switch#show vlan
|
Displays the current
VLAN configuration.
|
|
switch#show
interfaces
|
Displays the
interface configuration and status of line: up/up, up/down, admin down.
|
|
switch#show
interface vlan1
|
Displays setting of
virtual interface VLAN 1, the default VLAN on the switch.
|
|
To Reset Switch Configuration
|
|
|
Switch#delete
flash:vlan.dat
|
Removes the VLAN
database from flash memory.
|
|
Delete filename
[vlan.dat]?
|
Press Enter
|
|
Delete
flash:vlan.dat? [confirm]
|
Press Enter
|
|
Switch#erase
startup-config
|
Erases the file from
NVRAM.
|
|
Switch#reload
|
Restarts the switch.
|
|
To Set Host Names
|
|
|
Switch#configure
terminal
|
Moves to global
configuration mode
|
|
Switch(config)#hostname
Switch1
|
Creates a locally
significant host name of the switch. This is the same command as the router.
|
|
Switch1(config)#
|
|
|
To Set Passwords
|
|
|
Switch(config)#enable
password Vinita
|
Sets the enable
password to vinita
|
|
Switch(config)#enable
secret nikki
|
Sets the encrypted
secret password to nikki
|
|
Switch(config)#line
console 0
|
Enters line console
mode
|
|
Switch(config-line)#login
|
Enables password checking
|
|
Switch(config-line)#password
vinita
|
Sets the password to
vinita
|
|
Switch(config-line)#exit
|
Exits line console
mode
|
|
Switch(config-line)#line
vty 0 4
|
Enters line vty mode
for all five virtual ports
|
|
Switch(config-line)#login
|
Enables password
checking
|
|
Switch(config-line)#password
vinita
|
Sets the password to
vinita
|
|
Switch(config-line)#exit
|
Exits line vty mode
|
|
Switch(config)#
|
|
|
To Set IP Addresses and Default Gateways
|
|
|
Switch(config)#interface
vlan1
|
Enters the virtual
interface for VLAN 1, the default VLAN on the switch
|
|
Switch(config-if)#ip
address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
|
Sets the IP address
and netmask to allow for remote access to the switch
|
|
Switch(config-if)#exit
|
|
|
Switch(config)#ip
default-gateway 192.168.0.5
|
Allows IP
information an exit past the local network
|
|
To Set Interface Descriptions
|
|
|
Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet 0/1
|
Enters interface
configuration mode
|
|
Switch(config-if)#description
Finance VLAN
|
Adds a description
of the interface
|
|
To Set Duplex Operation
|
|
|
Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet 0/1
|
Moves to interface
configuration mode
|
|
Switch(config-if)#duplex
full
|
Forces full-duplex
operation
|
|
Switch(config-if)#duplex
auto
|
Enables auto-duplex
config
|
|
Switch(config-if)#duplex
half
|
Forces half-duplex operation
|
|
To Set Operation Speed
|
|
|
Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet 0/1
|
|
|
Switch(config-if)#speed
10
|
Forces 10-Mbps
operation
|
|
Switch(config-if)#speed
100
|
Forces 100-Mbps
operation
|
|
Switch(config-if)#speed
auto
|
Enables autospeed
configuration
|
|
MAC Address Table
|
|
|
switch#show mac
address-table
|
Displays current MAC
address forwarding table
|
|
switch#clear mac
address-table
|
Deletes all entries
from current MAC address forwarding table
|
|
switch#clear mac
address-table dynamic
|
Deletes only dynamic
entries from table
|
No comments:
Post a Comment